Intel is about to bring some major improvements in the Panther Cove P-Core architecture that will succeed Cougar Cove.
Intel is reportedly following the 'Tick-Tock' development & Panther Cove will be the Tock Core to bring big IPC improvements
The latest developments in Intel's architectures for upcoming processors suggest that the upcoming Panther Cove will be significantly faster than its predecessors. Panther Cove(not to be confused with Panther Lake) is reportedly bringing a significant IPC uplift. Additionally, it will also bring the Intel APX/AVX10 support for the processors.
The report comes from @InstaLatX64, who spotted that one of the users from Realworldtech has reported that Panther Cove will bring big IPC(Instructions Per Clock) improvements for major performance enhancements. The user Stanislav adds,
PantherCove is big uarch change with large IPC and APX/AVX10 and more
The architectural improvement is supposedly bigger than going from Lion Cove to Cougar Cove, which is a 'Tick' improvement. Going from Cougar Cove to Panther Cove will be a 'Tock' transition, which has been the case with previous Intel architectures the company has been following since the 2010s.
Now let's clear some confusion before we move on to the topic further. The Panther Cove is a P-Core architecture, which is different from Panther Lake, which is a CPU family. The latter is reportedly for the mobile platform, which will succeed Intel Lunar Lake and will utilize the Cougar Cove architecture for the P-Cores. As for the Panther Cove, it's for the desktop lineup, which will succeed Intel Arrow Lake processors.
Now there is another architecture called 'Panther Cove X', which is Xeon-specific P-Core architecture and is confirmed to be used for the Intel Diamond Rapids, which we reported about a few days ago. Both Panther Cove and Panther Cove X will bring big IPC uplifts and the latter has been already spotted in the latest Linux 6.12 kernel patch for the Diamond Rapids.
Interestingly, the follow-up to Cougar Cove P-Core architecture was reported as Coyote Cove, at least for the Core lineup. The Coyote Cove P-Core is expected to be used on Nova Lake CPUs and Intel has already committed to bring increased IPC in future architectures.
Coming back to the main topic, the latest report also suggests that Panther Cove will support Intel APX(Advanced Performance Extensions), which is an Instruction Set Architecture extension to enhance the performance and efficiency of x86 processors. It increases the General Purpose Registers to reduce memory access and also reduces the instruction latency.
The AVX10 is focused on improving the vectorized and floating-point processing and Panther Cove/Cove X may bring both to the upcoming mainstream desktop and data center CPUs. As of now, not much have been shared regarding Panther Cove architecture but this leak is a major one in the mainstream CPU development for Intel.
Intel Mainstream CPU Generations Comparison:
| Intel CPU Family | Processor Process | Processor Architecture | Graphics Architecture | Processors Cores/Threads (Max) | Platform | Memory Support | PCIe Support | Launch |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alder Lake (12th Gen) | Intel 7 | Golden Cove (P-Core) Gracemont (E-Core) |
HD 700 Series | 16/24 | LGA 1700/1800 | DDR5 / DDR4 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2021 |
| Raptor Lake (13th Gen) | Intel 7 | Raptor Cove (P-Core) Gracemont (E-Core) |
HD 700 Series | 24/32 | LGA 1700/1800 | DDR5 / DDR4 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2022 |
| Raptor Lake Refresh (TBA) | Intel 7 | Raptor Cove (P-Core) Gracemont (E-Core) |
HD 700 Series | 24/32 | LGA 1700/1800 | DDR5 / DDR4 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2023 |
| Meteor Lake | Intel 4 | Redwood Cove (P-Core) Crestmont (E-Core) |
Xe1 (Alchemist) | 22/28 | LGA 1851 | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2024 |
| Arrow Lake | Intel 20A | Lion Cove (P-Core) Skymont (E-Core) |
Xe1 (Alchemist) | 24/32 | LGA 1851 | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2024 |
| Arrow Lake Refresh (Canceled) | Intel 20A | Lion Cove (P-Core) Skymont (E-Core) |
Xe1 (Alchemist) | TBD | LGA 1851 | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 5.0 | 2025 |
| Lunar Lake | Intel 18A | Lion Cove (P-Core) Skymont (E-Core) |
Xe2 (Battlemage) | 8/8? | LGA 1851? | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 5.0? | 2024 |
| Panther Lake (TBA) | Intel 18A | Cougar Cove (P-Core) Skymont (E-Core) |
Xe3 (Celestial) | TBD | LGA 1851? | DDR5 | PCIe Gen 6.0? | 2025 |
| Nova Lake (TBA) | TBA | Coyote Cove (P-Core) Arctic Wolf (E-Core) |
TBA | TBA | TBA | DDR5? | PCIe Gen 6.0? | 2026 |
| Razer Lake (TBA) | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | 2027? |
